對改性(xing)(xing)(xing)乳(ru)(ru)化瀝(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)評(ping)價主要分為(wei)(wei)瀝(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)和蒸(zheng)發(fa)(fa)殘(can)留物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)兩部分。對改性(xing)(xing)(xing)乳(ru)(ru)化瀝(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)表征手段有很多，如：篩(shai)上剩余物(wu)、儲存(cun)(cun)穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)、恩格粘度(du)(du)、粒子(zi)電荷等(deng)，但重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)是前面兩種。1）篩(shai)上剩余物(wu)：乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)穩定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)度(du)(du)用(yong)(yong)篩(shai)上剩余物(wu)來表示，通過(guo)考察乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)瀝(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)微(wei)粒的(de)(de)(de)(de)均勻程(cheng)度(du)(du)來判斷瀝(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)乳(ru)(ru)化效果的(de)(de)(de)(de)好壞。在(zai)乳(ru)(ru)化后，可(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)會因為(wei)(wei)乳(ru)(ru)化顆(ke)粒的(de)(de)(de)(de)分布不(bu)均或者乳(ru)(ru)化不(bu)完全(quan)等(deng)導致(zhi)結塊，甚至結皮和沉(chen)淀，在(zai)現場施工時，就容(rong)易(yi)造成噴灑設備的(de)(de)(de)(de)堵塞、與骨料拌合(he)不(bu)均勻等(deng)。2）儲存(cun)(cun)穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)：儲存(cun)(cun)穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)試(shi)驗(yan)是用(yong)(yong)來檢驗(yan)瀝(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)存(cun)(cun)放(fang)(fang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)，即(ji)室溫存(cun)(cun)放(fang)(fang)一段時間后，觀察乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)沉(chen)淀、絮凝的(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況，進而確定(ding)允(yun)許的(de)(de)(de)(de)存(cun)(cun)放(fang)(fang)時間。我(wo)國(guo)現行(xing)標準要求乳(ru)(ru)液(ye)(ye)在(zai)穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)試(shi)驗(yan)量筒中(zhong)靜止，５天后上下(xia)層(ceng)(ceng)蒸(zheng)發(fa)(fa)殘(can)留物(wu)含量之(zhi)差小于(yu)(yu)5%即(ji)為(wei)(wei)合(he)格。在(zai)美國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)ASTM中(zhong)，要求存(cun)(cun)放(fang)(fang)24小時后，上下(xia)層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)蒸(zheng)發(fa)(fa)殘(can)留物(wu)含量之(zhi)差小于(yu)(yu)1%。使用(yong)(yong)SBR膠(jiao)乳(ru)(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)表處混合(he)料，黏聚(ju)力指標和輪轍(che)變形指標明顯好于(yu)(yu)普通不(bu)改性(xing)(xing)(xing)乳(ru)(ru)化瀝(li)青(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)。湖(hu)北丁苯膠(jiao)乳(ru)(ru)

丁苯膠(jiao)乳(ru)可采(cai)用間(jian)歇(xie)聚(ju)(ju)合，也可采(cai)用半連(lian)續(xu)(xu)方(fang)式或連(lian)續(xu)(xu)方(fang)式聚(ju)(ju)合。間(jian)歇(xie)方(fang)式操作簡(jian)便，工藝簡(jian)單，但生產(chan)能(neng)力(li)較低。而(er)連(lian)續(xu)(xu)聚(ju)(ju)合對設備要(yao)求(qiu)更高，生產(chan)能(neng)力(li)也更強，產(chan)品性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)均勻。一次投料(liao)法在(zai)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)中期會(hui)因自動加(jia)速(su)現象產(chan)生大(da)(da)量(liang)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)熱，若這種(zhong)熱量(liang)不能(neng)及時(shi)從體系(xi)中排(pai)除，將會(hui)導致反(fan)應(ying)(ying)速(su)率(lv)瞬間(jian)加(jia)快，產(chan)生更多熱量(liang)，發(fa)生爆(bao)聚(ju)(ju)，消(xiao)耗大(da)(da)量(liang)引發(fa)劑，產(chan)生凝膠(jiao)效應(ying)(ying)，使聚(ju)(ju)合體系(xi)不穩定。分批(pi)加(jia)料(liao)法是(shi)先讓(rang)一部(bu)分單體在(zai)釜(fu)(fu)中反(fan)應(ying)(ying)，在(zai)一段(duan)時(shi)間(jian)后，再向(xiang)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)釜(fu)(fu)中補加(jia)部(bu)分單體、乳(ru)化劑、引發(fa)劑等繼續(xu)(xu)反(fan)應(ying)(ying)。通(tong)過(guo)改變二次單體加(jia)入量(liang)和時(shi)間(jian)和調(diao)控(kong)不同性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)的(de)膠(jiao)乳(ru)，改變膠(jiao)乳(ru)的(de)結(jie)構及單體轉化率(lv)。河南丁苯膠(jiao)乳(ru)廠家開發(fa)改性(xing)(xing)(xing)高濃度乳(ru)化瀝青(qing)，應(ying)(ying)用于冷(leng)拌瀝青(qing)混(hun)合料(liao)，混(hun)合料(liao)的(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)將會(hui)得到大(da)(da)幅度提(ti)高。

改(gai)(gai)(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化瀝(li)(li)(li)青生(sheng)產(chan)工藝主要有以(yi)(yi)下(xia)三種類型：1）先(xian)(xian)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化后(hou)改(gai)(gai)(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)：即將熱瀝(li)(li)(li)青與(yu)(yu)含乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化劑(ji)(ji)的(de)皂液以(yi)(yi)一定(ding)的(de)流(liu)量一起(qi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)膠體(ti)(ti)磨生(sheng)產(chan)普通(tong)(tong)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化瀝(li)(li)(li)青，再(zai)加(jia)入(ru)膠乳(ru)(ru)(ru)改(gai)(gai)(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)機械(xie)攪拌的(de)作用(yong)使膠乳(ru)(ru)(ru)與(yu)(yu)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化瀝(li)(li)(li)青分(fen)散均勻(yun)，制作改(gai)(gai)(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化瀝(li)(li)(li)青。該方法(fa)的(de)優點(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)(shi)對設(she)備要求不(bu)高，操作簡單，缺(que)點(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)(shi)改(gai)(gai)(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)選擇單一，只適合水(shui)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)膠乳(ru)(ru)(ru)。2）邊(bian)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化邊(bian)改(gai)(gai)(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)：將膠乳(ru)(ru)(ru)改(gai)(gai)(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)與(yu)(yu)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化劑(ji)(ji)同時(shi)添(tian)加(jia)到(dao)皂液罐，然后(hou)與(yu)(yu)熱瀝(li)(li)(li)青一起(qi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)膠體(ti)(ti)磨生(sheng)產(chan)改(gai)(gai)(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化瀝(li)(li)(li)青的(de)方法(fa)也是(shi)(shi)常用(yong)的(de)一種工藝。其(qi)優點(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)(shi)生(sheng)產(chan)工藝與(yu)(yu)普通(tong)(tong)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化瀝(li)(li)(li)青一致，不(bu)用(yong)做設(she)備改(gai)(gai)(gai)動;其(qi)缺(que)點(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)(shi)改(gai)(gai)(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)添(tian)加(jia)量受到(dao)限制，必須考慮改(gai)(gai)(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)耐酸堿性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。3）先(xian)(xian)改(gai)(gai)(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)后(hou)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化：將改(gai)(gai)(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)瀝(li)(li)(li)青加(jia)熱到(dao)一定(ding)溫度(du)，與(yu)(yu)皂液一起(qi)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)膠體(ti)(ti)磨生(sheng)產(chan)改(gai)(gai)(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化瀝(li)(li)(li)青，該方法(fa)通(tong)(tong)常需將改(gai)(gai)(gai)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)瀝(li)(li)(li)青加(jia)熱至(zhi)160℃以(yi)(yi)上，增加(jia)能耗，且乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化瀝(li)(li)(li)青出(chu)料溫度(du)過(guo)高，需要改(gai)(gai)(gai)造設(she)備裝(zhuang)置冷卻系統;其(qi)優點(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)(shi)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)化后(hou)的(de)微粒(li)均勻(yun)分(fen)布，儲存(cun)穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)較好(hao)。

在(zai)選擇SBR 膠(jiao)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)作為瀝青(qing)改性(xing)劑時，處(chu)于(yu)(yu)膠(jiao)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)狀態(tai)的改性(xing)劑與(yu)(yu)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)劑應當具有一(yi)(yi)致的離子類型，否則(ze)會(hui)發生化(hua)(hua)(hua)學反(fan)應導(dao)致乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)失(shi)敗。SBR膠(jiao)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)一(yi)(yi)般呈現為液(ye)態(tai)，其(qi)中的有效成分(fen)為膠(jiao)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)中的固(gu)(gu)態(tai)膠(jiao)，如果膠(jiao)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)的固(gu)(gu)含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)過低(di)，在(zai)使用膠(jiao)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)時需要(yao)(yao)更(geng)多的摻加量(liang)(liang)(liang)，體系(xi)中的水分(fen)將會(hui)增加，導(dao)致瀝青(qing)與(yu)(yu)集料的裹(guo)附與(yu)(yu)破(po)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)成型過程受到影(ying)響，進而(er)影(ying)響路用性(xing)能(neng)，而(er)且用于(yu)(yu)微(wei)(wei)表(biao)處(chu)的乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)瀝青(qing)，對乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)化(hua)(hua)(hua)瀝青(qing)的殘(can)留物(wu)含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)要(yao)(yao)求也高，要(yao)(yao)求不小于(yu)(yu)62%，所以要(yao)(yao)求SBR膠(jiao)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)的固(gu)(gu)含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)應足夠(gou)高且滿足規范要(yao)(yao)求，一(yi)(yi)般微(wei)(wei)表(biao)處(chu)使用的SBR膠(jiao)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)固(gu)(gu)含(han)量(liang)(liang)(liang)在(zai)60%以上。丁苯膠(jiao)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)的耐熱和耐老化(hua)(hua)(hua)性(xing)能(neng)比天(tian)(tian)然(ran)膠(jiao)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)高，但(dan)其(qi)物(wu)理機械性(xing)能(neng)次于(yu)(yu)天(tian)(tian)然(ran)膠(jiao)乳(ru)(ru)(ru)(ru)。

微(wei)(wei)表(biao)處(chu)在世(shi)界(jie)范圍(wei)能(neng)獲(huo)得推廣(guang)，主要是(shi)因為(wei)其具(ju)有(you)良好(hao)的(de)技術特性(xing)(xing)。與普通(tong)的(de)稀漿封(feng)層技術相(xiang)比，微(wei)(wei)表(biao)處(chu)技術具(ju)有(you)更(geng)好(hao)的(de)抗(kang)磨耗(hao)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)和(he)抗(kang)滑性(xing)(xing)能(neng)。微(wei)(wei)表(biao)處(chu)還有(you)很(hen)(hen)好(hao)的(de)車轍(che)修復(fu)功能(neng)，可改善路面(mian)(mian)(mian)平整度和(he)行(xing)車舒(shu)適性(xing)(xing)。與熱瀝青罩(zhao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)相(xiang)比具(ju)有(you)更(geng)好(hao)的(de)抗(kang)水下滲效果，從而更(geng)好(hao)地保護路面(mian)(mian)(mian)，提高(gao)路面(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)使用(yong)(yong)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)和(he)耐(nai)久性(xing)(xing)，延長(chang)路面(mian)(mian)(mian)使用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命。在路基路面(mian)(mian)(mian)穩(wen)定的(de)前(qian)提下，好(hao)的(de)微(wei)(wei)表(biao)處(chu)使用(yong)(yong)壽(shou)命可達5年(nian)以上(shang)。微(wei)(wei)表(biao)處(chu)具(ju)有(you)施工方(fang)便(bian)，可以縮(suo)短開放交通(tong)時間，節約(yue)能(neng)源，成本較低等特點(dian)。隨(sui)著我國公路里(li)程的(de)不斷(duan)增(zeng)長(chang)，特別是(shi)高(gao)速(su)公路的(de)發(fa)展，需要養護的(de)道路不斷(duan)增(zeng)加，微(wei)(wei)表(biao)處(chu)技術的(de)應用(yong)(yong)會(hui)更(geng)廣(guang)。SBR改性(xing)(xing)乳化瀝青在比乳化瀝青適用(yong)(yong)溫度低很(hen)(hen)多的(de)溫度范圍(wei)內，具(ju)有(you)較好(hao)的(de)抗(kang)裂性(xing)(xing)能(neng)，耐(nai)疲勞性(xing)(xing)能(neng)明顯(xian)提高(gao)。遼(liao)寧(ning)SBR丁苯膠乳生產

根據氣候條件、應用場景、使用要求等情況選(xuan)擇(ze)基質瀝青品牌與(yu)標號、乳化劑種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)以及改性劑的種(zhong)類(lei)(lei)與(yu)劑量。湖北丁(ding)苯膠乳

冷(leng)拌瀝青(qing)(qing)(qing)混(hun)合料(liao)（乳(ru)化(hua)瀝青(qing)(qing)(qing)混(hun)合料(liao)）已經(jing)應用(yong)于(yu)道路(lu)維修和養(yang)護(hu)(hu)，但是普通(tong)的乳(ru)化(hua)瀝青(qing)(qing)(qing)在(zai)粘(zhan)結能(neng)(neng)力、水穩(wen)定性(xing)能(neng)(neng)和耐久性(xing)能(neng)(neng)等(deng)方面(mian)有待提高(gao)。混(hun)合料(liao)的性(xing)能(neng)(neng)取決于(yu)集料(liao)級配、乳(ru)化(hua)瀝青(qing)(qing)(qing)殘留物(wu)本身和養(yang)護(hu)(hu)條件。學者嘗試改(gai)性(xing)乳(ru)化(hua)瀝青(qing)(qing)(qing)，提高(gao)瀝青(qing)(qing)(qing)的性(xing)能(neng)(neng)，從(cong)而提高(gao)冷(leng)拌瀝青(qing)(qing)(qing)混(hun)合料(liao)的性(xing)能(neng)(neng)。冷(leng)拌瀝青(qing)(qing)(qing)混(hun)合料(liao)的大面(mian)積應用(yong)還(huan)需要(yao)進一(yi)步(bu)開展大量研(yan)究工作，目前(qian)在(zai)路(lu)面(mian)養(yang)護(hu)(hu)中也還(huan)存在(zai)一(yi)定的局(ju)限(xian)，當前(qian)的主要(yao)研(yan)究工作也是集中在(zai)利用(yong)環(huan)氧(yang)、水泥、硅灰(hui)、SBR的摻配和改(gai)性(xing)，用(yong)以提高(gao)其強度(du)、粘(zhan)結性(xing)、水穩(wen)定性(xing)、高(gao)溫穩(wen)定性(xing)等(deng)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)。湖(hu)北丁苯膠乳(ru)