晶(jing)(jing)間腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)常用(yong)的(de)(de)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)：硫酸-硫酸銅-銅屑法(fa)。適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)檢驗(yan)(yan)幾(ji)乎所(suo)有類型的(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)和(he)某(mou)些鎳(nie)基合金(jin)因(yin)碳、氮化(hua)(hua)物(wu)析(xi)(xi)出引(yin)起的(de)(de)晶(jing)(jing)間腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)。奧(ao)氏(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)在(zai)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液中(zhong)的(de)(de)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)位(wei)處(chu)于(yu)活化(hua)(hua)-鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)區。試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)結(jie)果采(cai)用(yong)彎曲(qu)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣放大(da)鏡下觀察裂(lie)(lie)紋(wen)(wen)或金(jin)相法(fa)評定(ding)(ding)(ding)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)法(fa)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)輕微(wei)，試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)條件穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)，但判定(ding)(ding)(ding)裂(lie)(lie)紋(wen)(wen)需有-定(ding)(ding)(ding)經驗(yan)(yan)；硝(xiao)酸法(fa)。適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)檢驗(yan)(yan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)、鎳(nie)基合金(jin)等因(yin)碳化(hua)(hua)物(wu)、o相析(xi)(xi)出或溶(rong)(rong)(rong)質偏析(xi)(xi)引(yin)起的(de)(de)晶(jing)(jing)間腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)。奧(ao)氏(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)在(zai)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液中(zhong)的(de)(de)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)位(wei)處(chu)于(yu)鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)-過鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)區。試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)結(jie)果采(cai)用(yong)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)率評定(ding)(ding)(ding)。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)法(fa)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)周期長(chang)；硝(xiao)酸-氫氟酸法(fa)。適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)檢驗(yan)(yan)含鉬奧(ao)氏(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)因(yin)碳化(hua)(hua)物(wu)析(xi)(xi)出引(yin)起的(de)(de)晶(jing)(jing)問腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)。奧(ao)氏(shi)(shi)體(ti)(ti)不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)在(zai)此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液中(zhong)的(de)(de)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)電(dian)位(wei)處(chu)于(yu)活化(hua)(hua)-鈍(dun)化(hua)(hua)區。此(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)法(fa)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)周期短(duan)，但腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)嚴重(zhong)。試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)結(jie)果須采(cai)用(yong)同種材料敏化(hua)(hua)和(he)固溶(rong)(rong)(rong)試(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)樣的(de)(de)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)率比(bi)值評定(ding)(ding)(ding)。低(di)倍加熱腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)采(cai)用(yong)三層樣品隔離放置方(fang)(fang)式(shi)，樣品取放方(fang)(fang)便且增加了工作空間，改(gai)善腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)性。北京低(di)倍組織熱酸蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)(shi)性價比(bi)高
晶間腐(fu)蝕，安裝方(fang)法，腐(fu)蝕機(ji)臺(tai)安裝：將(jiang)(jiang)支(zhi)撐桿(gan)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)在(zai)機(ji)臺(tai)上(shang)(shang)，螺(luo)紋旋緊。在(zai)將(jiang)(jiang)十字架與(yu)燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)夾(jia)及(ji)傳(chuan)感器(qi)放置架固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)在(zai)支(zhi)撐桿(gan)上(shang)(shang)。放置燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)放在(zai)加熱器(qi)上(shang)(shang)，調(diao)整好(hao)燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)夾(jia)位置，然后(hou)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)好(hao)燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)。然后(hou)將(jiang)(jiang)冷(leng)凝(ning)(ning)器(qi)插入燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)上(shang)(shang)口(kou)(kou)，調(diao)整好(hao)燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)夾(jia)位置將(jiang)(jiang)其固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)。連(lian)接(jie)(jie)冷(leng)凝(ning)(ning)器(qi)的進(jin)出(chu)水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，進(jin)水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)一(yi)(yi)端連(lian)接(jie)(jie)在(zai)進(jin)水(shui)閥(fa)(fa)門上(shang)(shang)，另一(yi)(yi)端連(lian)接(jie)(jie)在(zai)冷(leng)凝(ning)(ning)器(qi)下端接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)，排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)一(yi)(yi)端連(lian)接(jie)(jie)在(zai)排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)閥(fa)(fa)對應的接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)上(shang)(shang)，另一(yi)(yi)端連(lian)接(jie)(jie)至(zhi)冷(leng)凝(ning)(ning)器(qi)上(shang)(shang)端接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)路連(lian)接(jie)(jie)可靠，排(pai)(pai)(pai)布(bu)好(hao)看(kan)，進(jin)水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)應留長，避免取燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)時不能移動冷(leng)凝(ning)(ning)器(qi)。安裝主進(jin)水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)和排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，先(xian)將(jiang)(jiang)排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)到排(pai)(pai)(pai)水(shui)接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)，擰緊管(guan)(guan)(guan)箍，在(zai)將(jiang)(jiang)進(jin)水(shui)管(guan)(guan)(guan)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)到進(jin)水(shui)接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)，另一(yi)(yi)端固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)到水(shui)龍頭(tou)(tou)。（可選擇接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)和4分接(jie)(jie)口(kou)(kou)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)）；然后(hou)通水(shui)，檢測是否有漏水(shui)，若有及(ji)時處(chu)理。海南金屬(shu)拋光腐(fu)蝕操(cao)作簡單(dan)低(di)倍組(zu)織(zhi)熱酸蝕腐(fu)蝕，尺寸多樣性，完全可以按照(zhao)客戶要求定(ding)(ding)(ding)制。
晶間(jian)腐(fu)蝕(shi)，操作方法(fa)：從腐(fu)蝕(shi)機臺上取下燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)，根據不(bu)同制樣將(jiang)配制好的(de)溶(rong)液取一定(ding)量加(jia)入瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)中。將(jiang)樣品用鑷子夾住緩(huan)慢放(fang)入燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)，注意不(bu)能(neng)高空放(fang)入，避免(mian)損壞燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。擦(ca)干(gan)燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)底(di)部水或者(zhe)溶(rong)液，保(bao)(bao)證燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)表面干(gan)燥(zao)。燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)放(fang)入加(jia)熱(re)臺上方中間(jian)，將(jiang)帶有錐口(kou)的(de)冷凝器裝入燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)口(kou)，確保(bao)(bao)連接(jie)可靠(kao)不(bu)漏氣。固(gu)定(ding)好燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)夾，將(jiang)燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)和(he)冷凝器固(gu)定(ding)好。裝入溫度傳感(gan)器至(zhi)燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)測口(kou)，并且調整好線的(de)長(chang)度，使傳感(gan)器探(tan)頭完(wan)全浸入溶(rong)液中，比較好是溶(rong)液中部，不(bu)與燒(shao)(shao)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)壁接(jie)觸。
晶(jing)(jing)(jing)間(jian)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan) (intergranular corrosion test)，在(zai)(zai)特定(ding)介(jie)質條件下檢驗(yan)(yan)金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)材料(liao)(liao)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)間(jian)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)敏感(gan)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)速金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)方(fang)法，目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)為了了解材料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)化(hua)學(xue)成(cheng)分(fen)、熱處理和加(jia)工工藝是(shi)否合理。其原理是(shi)采用可(ke)使金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)位處在(zai)(zai)恒電(dian)(dian)(dian)位陽極極化(hua)曲(qu)線特定(ding)區間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各種試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)溶液，然(ran)后(hou)利用金(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)粒和晶(jing)(jing)(jing)界在(zai)(zai)該電(dian)(dian)(dian)位區間(jian)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)明顯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)差異(yi)加(jia)速顯示晶(jing)(jing)(jing)間(jian)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)，不銹(xiu)鋼、鋁合金(jin)等的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)晶(jing)(jing)(jing)間(jian)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)方(fang)法在(zai)(zai)許多國家均(jun)已標準化(hua)。各標準對試(shi)(shi)驗(yan)(yan)細節均(jun)有(you)詳細規(gui)定(ding)。晶(jing)(jing)(jing)間(jian)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)，用于(yu)檢驗(yan)(yan)各種類型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不銹(xiu)鋼、鋁合金(jin)等材料(liao)(liao)在(zai)(zai)特定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度(du)和腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)試(shi)(shi)劑下晶(jing)(jing)(jing)間(jian)腐(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蝕(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀況。
晶間(jian)腐蝕(shi)，GB/T3246.1-2002 鋁(lv)(lv)及鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)金(jin)加(jia)工制品顯微組織(zhi)檢驗(yan)方(fang)法，GB/T3246.2-2002 鋁(lv)(lv)及鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)金(jin)加(jia)工制品低(di)(di)倍(bei)組織(zhi)檢驗(yan)方(fang)法，GB/T7998-87 鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)金(jin)晶間(jian)腐蝕(shi)測定(ding)(ding)法， GB/T7998-2005 鋁(lv)(lv)合(he)金(jin)晶間(jian)腐蝕(shi)測定(ding)(ding)法生產中(zhong)主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)過(guo)燒(shao)檢驗(yan)，特(te)征為：復熔球(qiu)、晶界三角、晶界加(jia)寬。晶粒(li)度也是(shi)(shi)很重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)檢驗(yan)項(xiang)目，經覆(fu)膜處理后在偏光下觀察。請查(cha)閱GB/T3246-2000 由國家標準(zhun)的(de)。可(ke)以(yi)用NaOH溶液80~100g/L,室溫下浸(jin)蝕(shi)3~30分鐘。可(ke)以(yi)看到組織(zhi)缺陷。軟合(he)金(jin)制品及鑄(zhu)軋板帶浸(jin)蝕(shi)檢測晶粒(li)度：42%的(de)HF5ml37%的(de)HC175ml65%~68%的(de)HNO3 25ml適當時(shi)間(jian)立即用水清洗(xi)。反復多次至晶粒(li)清楚(chu)為止。晶間(jian)腐蝕(shi)，用戶可(ke)以(yi)自定(ding)(ding)義方(fang)法數據庫，可(ke)儲存100條。可(ke)將常用的(de)參數儲存。北京低(di)(di)倍(bei)組織(zhi)熱酸蝕(shi)腐蝕(shi)性價比高
電解拋光腐(fu)蝕，電壓(ya)、電流有(you)初調和微(wei)調切換功能，能準確穩定的設定電壓(ya)電流值。北京低(di)倍(bei)組織熱酸蝕腐(fu)蝕性價比高
電(dian)解拋光(guang)腐蝕(shi)電(dian)解浸蝕(shi)參考資料
試(shi)驗(yan)材料(liao)
浸蝕液(ye)配比
電解參數
時間
陰極材料
備注
鋼
苦味酸2g
蒸餾水100ml
氫(qing)氧化鈉25g
6V 24。C
30秒
不銹鋼
低(di)合金鋼
染(ran)色碳(tan)化(hua)物(wu)
鋼
鉻(ge)酸（10%）
3V 24。C
可變
不銹鋼
奧氏體(ti)或鐵素體(ti)不銹鋼，浸蝕碳(tan)化物和υ相(xiang)
鋼
草酸（10%）
3V 24。C
可變
不銹鋼
鋼
硝酸/甘油/鹽酸
=1：1：8
3~6V 24。C
10秒
不銹鋼
不銹鋼，浸蝕奧(ao)氏體。
鋼
水/硝酸（1.4）=1：1
1.5V 24。C
≤2分
不銹鋼
奧(ao)氏體、鐵素體不銹鋼浸蝕晶界
鋼
硫(liu)酸（1.84）/水=1：19
6V
0.1~0.5A
24。C
5~15秒
不銹鋼
鐵—鉻—鎳合金(jin)
鋼
過硫(liu)酸(suan)銨10~100g/1升水
1.5~2V 24。C
不銹鋼
υ相和碳化(hua)物(wu)相染色
鋁
正磷(lin)酸 210份(fen) 蒸餾水 65份(fen)烷基乙醇 45份(fen)
0.75~1.2A/cm224。C
1.5~2.5分
不銹鋼