甲(jia)(jia)醇(chun)蒸(zheng)(zheng)汽重整是吸熱(re)(re)反(fan)(fan)應，可(ke)以(yi)(yi)認為(wei)是甲(jia)(jia)醇(chun)分解和一氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)碳變(bian)(bian)換(huan)反(fan)(fan)應的(de)綜合結果(guo)。甲(jia)(jia)醇(chun)蒸(zheng)(zheng)汽重整制氫工藝(yi)，經(jing)歷(li)了多(duo)次技術(shu)(shu)改進，已相當成熟。甲(jia)(jia)醇(chun)蒸(zheng)(zheng)汽重整反(fan)(fan)應通常(chang)在250-300℃。甲(jia)(jia)醇(chun)蒸(zheng)(zheng)汽重整過(guo)程既可(ke)以(yi)(yi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)等溫(wen)(wen)反(fan)(fan)應系統(tong)(tong)，也可(ke)以(yi)(yi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)絕(jue)熱(re)(re)反(fan)(fan)應系統(tong)(tong)。等溫(wen)(wen)反(fan)(fan)應系統(tong)(tong)采用(yong)(yong)管(guan)式反(fan)(fan)應器，管(guan)殼中充滿熱(re)(re)載體(ti)進行(xing)換(huan)熱(re)(re)，保持恒(heng)溫(wen)(wen)反(fan)(fan)應。在絕(jue)熱(re)(re)反(fan)(fan)應系統(tong)(tong)中，蒸(zheng)(zheng)汽與甲(jia)(jia)醇(chun)混合物經(jing)過(guo)一系列(lie)絕(jue)熱(re)(re)催(cui)化(hua)(hua)劑(ji)床層，床層之(zhi)間(jian)配備換(huan)熱(re)(re)器。反(fan)(fan)應產物凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)系統(tong)(tong)可(ke)根據(ju)產品質(zhi)量等級要求選擇，變(bian)(bian)壓吸附及(ji)膜分離技術(shu)(shu)是非常(chang)實用(yong)(yong)的(de)氣體(ti)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)技術(shu)(shu)。變(bian)(bian)壓吸附凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)可(ke)獲(huo)得純度高于(yu)，依據(ju)所(suo)(suo)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)的(de)不同吸附劑(ji)及(ji)工藝(yi)條件，氫回收率(lv)在70%-87%之(zhi)間(jian)變(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)。溶劑(ji)洗滌、CO催(cui)化(hua)(hua)轉化(hua)(hua)、甲(jia)(jia)烷化(hua)(hua)等過(guo)程均可(ke)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)凈(jing)化(hua)(hua)氫氣。用(yong)(yong)途與特點重整制氫催(cui)化(hua)(hua)劑(ji)，主(zhu)要用(yong)(yong)于(yu)甲(jia)(jia)醇(chun)和水發(fa)生重整變(bian)(bian)換(huan)反(fan)(fan)應，轉化(hua)(hua)為(wei)H2、N2、CO2、極少量的(de)CO和CH4，以(yi)(yi)制取所(suo)(suo)需要的(de)產品H2。甲(jia)(jia)醇(chun)裂(lie)解制氫設備怎么樣。廣(guang)東哪些甲(jia)(jia)醇(chun)裂(lie)解制氫

天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)水(shui)(shui)蒸汽重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)整(zheng)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)、甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)蒸汽重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)整(zheng)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)、電(dian)解水(shui)(shui)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)大(da)型制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)：天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)水(shui)(shui)蒸汽重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)整(zheng)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)占主導地位：（1）天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)既是(shi)(shi)原(yuan)料(liao)氣(qi)(qi)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)燃料(liao)氣(qi)(qi)，無需運(yun)輸，氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)低，消耗(hao)低，氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(qi)(qi)成本。（2）自動化(hua)程(cheng)度(du)(du)高，安全性(xing)能(neng)(neng)高。（3）天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)投(tou)資較(jiao)高，適合(he)大(da)規(gui)模(mo)工業化(hua)生產，一般制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)規(gui)模(mo)在5000Nm3/h以上時選擇天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)工藝(yi)更經濟小型制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)、高純氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)采用電(dian)解水(shui)(shui)方法：水(shui)(shui)電(dian)解制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)技術自開(kai)發(fa)以來(lai)一直(zhi)進(jin)展不(bu)大(da)，其主要原(yuan)因(yin)是(shi)(shi)需要耗(hao)用大(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)能(neng)(neng)，電(dian)價的(de)(de)(de)昂貴(gui)，用水(shui)(shui)電(dian)解制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)都不(bu)經濟。電(dian)解水(shui)(shui)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)，規(gui)模(mo)一般小于(yu)200Nm3/h，是(shi)(shi)較(jiao)成熟的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)方法,由于(yu)它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)耗(hao)較(jiao)高，致(zhi)其單位氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(qi)(qi)成本較(jiao)高。甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)水(shui)(shui)蒸汽重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)整(zheng)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)是(shi)(shi)中小型制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)的(de)(de)(de)（1）甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)蒸汽重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)整(zheng)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)與大(da)規(gui)模(mo)的(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)或水(shui)(shui)電(dian)解制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)相(xiang)(xiang)比，投(tou)資省，能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)低。由于(yu)反應(ying)溫(wen)度(du)(du)低，工藝(yi)條件緩(huan)和，燃料(liao)消耗(hao)也(ye)低。與同等規(gui)模(mo)的(de)(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)裝置相(xiang)(xiang)比，甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)蒸汽轉(zhuan)化(hua)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)約(yue)是(shi)(shi)前者的(de)(de)(de)50%。（2）甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)蒸汽重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)整(zheng)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)所(suo)用的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)料(liao)甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)易得，運(yun)輸，儲存方便。而且所(suo)用的(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)料(liao)甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)純度(du)(du)高，不(bu)需要再進(jin)行凈化(hua)處理，反應(ying)條件溫(wen)和，易于(yu)操作。四川甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)裂解制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)有哪些甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)裂解制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)經濟性(xing)如何。

甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)是液(ye)體產(chan)品(pin)，其包裝(zhuang)有(you)(you)兩種方(fang)式，小(xiao)批量(liang)用(yong)戶可用(yong)鍍(du)鋅鐵桶(tong)包裝(zhuang)，大(da)宗(zong)用(yong)戶可用(yong)槽罐，如(ru)汽(qi)車(che)槽罐和火車(che)槽罐。甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)容(rong)(rong)器必(bi)須(xu)合(he)格(ge)，并有(you)(you)明顯(xian)的(de)(de)(de)標志，特別是危險貨物標志。甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)容(rong)(rong)器在灌裝(zhuang)時(shi)，必(bi)須(xu)重(zhong)視計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)，由(you)于(yu)甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)在不(bu)(bu)同溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)下的(de)(de)(de)膨脹系(xi)數差異(yi)較(jiao)大(da)，所以(yi)在計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)時(shi)必(bi)須(xu)進行溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)校正，按照液(ye)體容(rong)(rong)器的(de)(de)(de)灌裝(zhuang)系(xi)數準確計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)，以(yi)防(fang)過(guo)裝(zhuang)造(zao)成的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)安全(quan)事故發生。甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)的(de)(de)(de)包裝(zhuang)計(ji)(ji)(ji)量(liang)必(bi)須(xu)保持產(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)高純(chun)度(du)(du)(du)，因此灌裝(zhuang)時(shi)必(bi)須(xu)對容(rong)(rong)器進行嚴格(ge)檢查，防(fang)止容(rong)(rong)器中的(de)(de)(de)油(you)污、雜質(zhi)、水分(fen)等污染物料。灌裝(zhuang)完畢必(bi)須(xu)立即(ji)封口，防(fang)止影響產(chan)品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)，例如(ru)雨天、大(da)霧時(shi)必(bi)須(xu)采取特殊保護措施(shi)，不(bu)(bu)然不(bu)(bu)得裝(zhuang)灌。在甲(jia)醇(chun)(chun)運輸中，不(bu)(bu)允(yun)許接近高溫(wen)和火源，也禁止猛烈撞擊；在運輸中要檢查是否持有(you)(you)合(he)格(ge)證明以(yi)及車(che)輛必(bi)須(xu)設有(you)(you)安全(quan)設施(shi)。

甲(jia)(jia)(jia)醇(chun)(chun)裂解工藝流(liu)程，來自儲槽的甲(jia)(jia)(jia)醇(chun)(chun)，與(yu)水洗塔(ta)底(di)部經(jing)減壓后的水（原料(liao)水由(you)工藝水泵從原料(liao)水罐加壓至2.0MPa，送至水洗塔(ta)）在原料(liao)緩沖罐中(zhong)按一定比例混合，然后經(jing)過原料(liao)計量泵加壓至2.0MPa后送入(ru)甲(jia)(jia)(jia)醇(chun)(chun)預熱(re)(re)(re)換熱(re)(re)(re)器(qi)(qi)(qi)與(yu)反應(ying)(ying)產(chan)物換熱(re)(re)(re)升溫(wen)，升溫(wen)后的甲(jia)(jia)(jia)醇(chun)(chun)水溶液在進(jin)入(ru)汽化(hua)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，用(yong)高溫(wen)導熱(re)(re)(re)油加熱(re)(re)(re)汽化(hua)。汽化(hua)后的甲(jia)(jia)(jia)醇(chun)(chun)、水蒸氣接著進(jin)入(ru)列管式反應(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，在其中(zhong)催化(hua)劑的作用(yong)下(xia)分別進(jin)行下(xia)列裂解和變換反應(ying)(ying)：CH3OH→CO+2H2-90.8kJ/molCO+H2O→CO2+H2+43.5kJ/mol整(zheng)個(ge)反應(ying)(ying)過程是吸熱(re)(re)(re)的，因而反應(ying)(ying)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和汽化(hua)器(qi)(qi)(qi)所需的熱(re)(re)(re)量由(you)外部提供(gong)。甲(jia)(jia)(jia)醇(chun)(chun)裂解制(zhi)氫(qing)發展趨勢。

裂(lie)(lie)解(jie)(jie)轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)：將甲醇和(he)脫鹽水按(an)照規定(ding)比(bi)例混(hun)合(he)，通過泵加(jia)壓送入系統進行(xing)預(yu)熱(re)、汽化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)過熱(re)，達到(dao)規定(ding)的(de)溫度和(he)壓力(li)后，原料混(hun)合(he)氣(qi)在催化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑的(de)作用下同時(shi)完成催化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)裂(lie)(lie)解(jie)(jie)和(he)催化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)兩個反(fan)應(ying)，得(de)到(dao)主(zhu)要含(han)有(you)氫氣(qi)、二氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)碳以及少量(liang)一氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)碳的(de)轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)氣(qi)。整個過程的(de)反(fan)應(ying)式如(ru)下:主(zhu)反(fan)應(ying):CH;OH=CO+2H2CO+H,O=COz+H290.7kJ/mol+41.2kJ/mo總反(fan)應(ying):CH;OH+HO=CO2+H-49.5kJ/mol副反(fan)應(ying):2CH;OH=CHOCH;+HO+24.9kJmolCO+3H2=CHa+HO+206.3kJ/mol綜合(he)來(lai)看，主(zhu)反(fan)應(ying)為吸熱(re)反(fan)應(ying)，反(fan)應(ying)所(suo)需要的(de)熱(re)量(liang)由循(xun)環的(de)導熱(re)油提供(gong)。甲醇裂(lie)(lie)解(jie)(jie)制(zhi)(zhi)氫售后保障(zhang)。廣東哪些甲醇裂(lie)(lie)解(jie)(jie)制(zhi)(zhi)氫

制(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)工藝流程是什(shen)么。廣東哪些甲醇裂解制(zhi)(zhi)氫(qing)

許多新的(de)(de)(de)氫(qing)(qing)系(xi)統是(shi)真正獨特的(de)(de)(de)，其中一(yi)些具(ju)(ju)有新穎的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)或不尋常(chang)的(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)條件。通常(chang)，行業發展(zhan)過(guo)快，標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)跟不上。監管機構無法為每個新應(ying)用(yong)制(zhi)定標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，因(yin)此企業必(bi)須依(yi)賴一(yi)種更個性化的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)險(xian)分析(xi)方法。如果公司難以達(da)到合規(gui)目的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，也(ye)可以采用(yong)基于(yu)風(feng)險(xian)的(de)(de)(de)方法。由于(yu)監管規(gui)定通常(chang)比較保守(shou)，因(yin)此有時會附帶一(yi)個警(jing)告，即如果制(zhi)造商能(neng)夠(gou)提供足夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)體應(ying)用(yong)證據，證明(ming)這樣做是(shi)安(an)(an)全(quan)的(de)(de)(de)，就可以取代“安(an)(an)全(quan)使用(yong)”標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。即使標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)直接適用(yong)，燃(ran)燒風(feng)險(xian)分析(xi)仍然可以識別安(an)(an)全(quan)漏洞，增(zeng)加(jia)系(xi)統或組件的(de)(de)(de)可信(xin)度(du)。廣東哪(na)些甲醇裂解(jie)制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)