隨著(zhu)燃料(liao)電池汽車(che)(che)(che)(che)產業的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)，其上游(you)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產業也(ye)得到了迅速的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)，但氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產業目(mu)(mu)前還面臨著(zhu)生產、運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)(he)供(gong)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)基礎(chu)設施(shi)缺乏(fa)等問題，其中氫(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)在(zai)整個氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)供(gong)應鏈的(de)(de)(de)經濟、能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)耗性能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)中占(zhan)有(you)很大比(bi)重(zhong)。加(jia)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)站(zhan)按(an)制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)地點可分(fen)(fen)為(wei)外供(gong)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)加(jia)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)站(zhan)和(he)(he)站(zhan)內制(zhi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)加(jia)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)站(zhan)，而(er)對于(yu)外供(gong)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)加(jia)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)站(zhan)，氫(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)是(shi)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)一環，目(mu)(mu)前主要有(you)高壓(ya)氣(qi)體運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)、液態(tai)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(qi)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)(he)管道運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)等方式(shi)。高壓(ya)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(qi)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)以長(chang)(chang)管拖車(che)(che)(che)(che)為(wei)主：高壓(ya)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(qi)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)集裝(zhuang)格和(he)(he)長(chang)(chang)管拖車(che)(che)(che)(che)兩(liang)類(lei)，其中，集裝(zhuang)格由多個40L的(de)(de)(de)、壓(ya)力為(wei)15Mpa的(de)(de)(de)高壓(ya)儲氫(qing)(qing)(qing)鋼瓶組(zu)成，運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)較(jiao)為(wei)靈活，適用(yong)于(yu)需求量小的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)站(zhan)；長(chang)(chang)管拖車(che)(che)(che)(che)結構為(wei)車(che)(che)(che)(che)頭(tou)部分(fen)(fen)和(he)(he)拖車(che)(che)(che)(che)部分(fen)(fen)，前者提供(gong)動力，后者主要提供(gong)存儲空(kong)間，由9個壓(ya)力為(wei)20Mpa、長(chang)(chang)約10m的(de)(de)(de)高壓(ya)儲氫(qing)(qing)(qing)鋼瓶組(zu)成，可充(chong)裝(zhuang)約3500Nm3氫(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(qi)，且拖車(che)(che)(che)(che)在(zai)到達加(jia)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)站(zhan)后車(che)(che)(che)(che)頭(tou)和(he)(he)拖車(che)(che)(che)(che)可分(fen)(fen)離，運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)技術成熟(shu)、規范較(jiao)完善，國內的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)站(zhan)目(mu)(mu)前多采用(yong)此類(lei)方式(shi)運(yun)(yun)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)。氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)尚不具(ju)備應用(yong)于(yu)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)領域的(de)(de)(de)條件。湖北(bei)長(chang)(chang)期(qi)供(gong)應工業氫(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(qi)價錢

“氫(qing)”的(de)(de)發(fa)現(xian)早在16世紀，瑞士科學(xue)家帕(pa)拉塞爾斯發(fa)現(xian)把(ba)鐵放入硫(liu)酸中(zhong)，會產生一(yi)種特殊的(de)(de)氣(qi)體。1766年，英國(guo)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)家和(he)物理學(xue)家卡(ka)文迪(di)許(xu)(xu)使用多種金屬重復了(le)帕(pa)拉塞爾斯的(de)(de)實驗，將氫(qing)氣(qi)收集起來并研究其性質。因(yin)此，在化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)史(shi)上(shang)，人們把(ba)氫(qing)元素的(de)(de)發(fa)現(xian)這一(yi)項(xiang)重成就，主要歸功于(yu)卡(ka)文迪(di)許(xu)(xu)。在工(gong)(gong)業上(shang)的(de)(de)分類工(gong)(gong)業上(shang)，根據中(zhong)國(guo)國(guo)家標準(zhun)《工(gong)(gong)業氫(qing)》GB/T3634-1995，氫(qing)氣(qi)可分為高純氫(qing)（99.999%）、純氫(qing)（99.99%）、普氫(qing)（99.9%）三種。天(tian)(tian)然(ran)氣(qi)重整(zheng)制氫(qing)（SMR），工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)描(miao)述：天(tian)(tian)然(ran)氣(qi)經(jing)過壓縮，進入轉化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)爐加熱，而后進入反應(ying)爐，在催化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)劑的(de)(de)作(zuo)用下(xia)，發(fa)生蒸汽(qi)轉化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)反應(ying)和(he)一(yi)氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)碳變換(huan)反應(ying)，產生含氫(qing)量約(yue)為70~90%的(de)(de)混合(he)氣(qi)，經(jing)過變壓吸附提純得到(dao)不(bu)同(tong)純度的(de)(de)氫(qing)氣(qi)產品。反應(ying)公(gong)式：CH4+H2O→CO↑+3H2↑CO+H2O→CO2↑+H2↑，適用規模：2000-10000Nm3/h，特點：工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)穩定，適合(he)規模制氫(qing)；前期(qi)投資(zi)較(jiao)，成本穩定（管(guan)道天(tian)(tian)然(ran)氣(qi)）；天(tian)(tian)然(ran)氣(qi)既作(zuo)原料，又做燃料。湖(hu)北(bei)本地工(gong)(gong)業氫(qing)氣(qi)多少錢(qian)目前氫(qing)儲(chu)能(neng)系統效率為電化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)儲(chu)能(neng)的(de)(de)50%左右、抽(chou)水蓄能(neng)的(de)(de)60%左右。

氫(qing)(qing)(qing)作為(wei)航(hang)空燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優點有很多，它不(bu)能滿(man)足未來航(hang)空燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)許多要(yao)求(qiu)，重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)，氫(qing)(qing)(qing)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)對環境不(bu)產生(sheng)污染。用(yong)(yong)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(qi)做燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)在許多方(fang)面比烴類燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)更優越，國(guo)外20世(shi)紀(ji)60年代開始研(yan)制用(yong)(yong)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(qi)作為(wei)汽車燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)，常規內燃(ran)(ran)(ran)機經少許修改就可(ke)用(yong)(yong)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(qi)做燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)。日本對以(yi)(yi)液氫(qing)(qing)(qing)為(wei)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)超導磁懸浮(fu)列車進(jin)行(xing)(xing)了(le)可(ke)行(xing)(xing)性研(yan)究(jiu)。美國(guo)波(bo)音公(gong)司和(he)劉易斯研(yan)究(jiu)中心對液氫(qing)(qing)(qing)飛(fei)機作過(guo)可(ke)行(xing)(xing)性研(yan)究(jiu)。可(ke)以(yi)(yi)預見，不(bu)久(jiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)將(jiang)來必然(ran)以(yi)(yi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)取代烴做燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)。用(yong)(yong)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(qi)和(he)氧(yang)氣(qi)可(ke)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)焊(han)接(jie)(jie)或金(jin)(jin)屬、非金(jin)(jin)屬的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熔化(hua)。氫(qing)(qing)(qing)氣(qi)在氧(yang)氣(qi)中燃(ran)(ran)(ran)燒的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溫度可(ke)過(guo)3100K，氫(qing)(qing)(qing)通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)弧的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)火焰時分解(jie)成(cheng)(cheng)原(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)(zi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)，原(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)(zi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)可(ke)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)難熔的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)屬、高(gao)碳鋼、耐腐(fu)蝕材料(liao)、有色金(jin)(jin)屬等的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熔融和(he)焊(han)接(jie)(jie)。用(yong)(yong)原(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)(zi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)焊(han)接(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優點在于(yu)，氫(qing)(qing)(qing)原(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)(zi)束(shu)能防止焊(han)接(jie)(jie)部位被氧(yang)化(hua)，使(shi)焊(han)接(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方(fang)不(bu)產生(sheng)氧(yang)化(hua)皮(pi)。氫(qing)(qing)(qing)作為(wei)能源，是(shi)(shi)未來發(fa)電(dian)(dian)、電(dian)(dian)動汽車用(yong)(yong)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)。燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)是(shi)(shi)將(jiang)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)與氧(yang)化(hua)劑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)化(hua)學能直接(jie)(jie)轉(zhuan)化(hua)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)能，轉(zhuan)化(hua)效率(lv)高(gao)，生(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)物為(wei)水，對環境無(wu)污染被譽為(wei)“零排放”，氫(qing)(qing)(qing)是(shi)(shi)人類未來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)清潔能源。

對于各種高純(chun)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)都有著獨特(te)的(de)(de)性能(neng)，我們在(zai)(zai)儲運(yun)及使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)過程(cheng)中(zhong)都要注(zhu)意(yi)一定的(de)(de)事(shi)項，高純(chun)氫(qing)(qing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)也不例外，我們應(ying)(ying)該注(zhu)意(yi)的(de)(de)事(shi)項主要有哪些(xie)呢，接下來為大(da)家詳細(xi)說明下：瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)裝氫(qing)(qing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為易燃(ran)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)，應(ying)(ying)儲存(cun)于陰(yin)涼、通風的(de)(de)倉庫內，設置明顯的(de)(de)“嚴(yan)禁(jin)煙火(huo)”標志。倉內溫(wen)度(du)不宜超(chao)過40℃。防(fang)止陽(yang)光(guang)直射(she)。氫(qing)(qing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)應(ying)(ying)與(yu)氧(yang)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、毒物、放(fang)射(she)性材料、過氧(yang)化(hua)有機物以及其它可燃(ran)材料分開存(cun)放(fang)。倉庫照明、通風等(deng)設施應(ying)(ying)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)防(fang)爆型。搬運(yun)氫(qing)(qing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)鋼(gang)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)時(shi)應(ying)(ying)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)鋼(gang)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)手推車(che)或危(wei)險(xian)品運(yun)輸車(che)，嚴(yan)防(fang)鋼(gang)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)碰撞(zhuang)和(he)損壞(huai)。鋼(gang)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)頸上有鋼(gang)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)日期(qi)，過期(qi)鋼(gang)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)應(ying)(ying)通知(zhi)譜源(yuan)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)到相應(ying)(ying)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力容器檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)單位檢(jian)驗(yan)(yan)鋼(gang)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)。鋼(gang)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)30年(nian)后應(ying)(ying)強制報(bao)廢。每瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)氫(qing)(qing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)(zai)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)到尾氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)時(shi)，應(ying)(ying)保(bao)留瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)內余壓(ya)(ya)(ya)在(zai)(zai)，不得低于，應(ying)(ying)將(jiang)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)閥(fa)關閉，以保(bao)證氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)質量和(he)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)安全。鋼(gang)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)氫(qing)(qing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)為高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)縮氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)前應(ying)(ying)給氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)管道(dao)(dao)試(shi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)和(he)試(shi)漏，確保(bao)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)管道(dao)(dao)不泄露，應(ying)(ying)配(pei)合YQQ-352或152H-125等(deng)氫(qing)(qing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)減壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器減壓(ya)(ya)(ya)后使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)裝氫(qing)(qing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)品在(zai)(zai)運(yun)輸儲存(cun)、使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)都應(ying)(ying)分類堆(dui)放(fang)，嚴(yan)禁(jin)可燃(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)與(yu)助燃(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)堆(dui)放(fang)在(zai)(zai)一起，不準靠近明火(huo)和(he)熱源(yuan)，應(ying)(ying)做(zuo)到勿近火(huo)、勿沾油(you)臘、勿爆曬、勿重(zhong)拋(pao)、勿撞(zhuang)擊，嚴(yan)禁(jin)在(zai)(zai)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)瓶(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)身上進行(xing)引弧或電弧，嚴(yan)禁(jin)野(ye)蠻裝卸(xie)。100kg以上的(de)(de)氫(qing)(qing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)輸運(yun)方(fang)法主要是(shi)長(chang)管拖車(che)、氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)管道(dao)(dao)、液態氫(qing)(qing)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。

全球(qiu)范圍(wei)內正掀起氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)熱(re)潮，將(jiang)(jiang)極推動(dong)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。在(zai)全球(qiu)加速能(neng)(neng)源低碳化轉型背景下，發(fa)(fa)(fa)達國家(jia)結合自身資(zi)源稟賦和產業(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)術(shu)現狀(zhuang)，逐步明確(que)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)源在(zai)國家(jia)能(neng)(neng)源體系(xi)中的定(ding)位，加速引(yin)導氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)健(jian)康發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，全球(qiu)將(jiang)(jiang)迎來“氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)社會”發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)熱(re)潮。目(mu)前(qian)我國正處于氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)培育期(qi)，地方(fang)投資(zi)熱(re)情高漲，但國家(jia)層(ceng)(ceng)面缺乏頂層(ceng)(ceng)設計(ji)，尚未明確(que)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)在(zai)國家(jia)能(neng)(neng)源戰略層(ceng)(ceng)面的重要定(ding)位，且部(bu)分補貼(tie)門檻高、落(luo)地困難，量標準尚為空白或已經過時，近期(qi)國家(jia)相關部(bu)委正在(zai)組織制(zhi)定(ding)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)規劃和氫(qing)(qing)燃料電池車(che)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)指(zhi)導意(yi)見，將(jiang)(jiang)有效推動(dong)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。目(mu)前(qian)我國氫(qing)(qing)氣的輸運幾(ji)乎(hu)都依(yi)賴長(chang)管拖車(che)， 滿足不了大規模(mo)氫(qing)(qing)氣使用(yong)和氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)源產業(ye)(ye)(ye)的發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。湖北長(chang)期(qi)供應工業(ye)(ye)(ye)氫(qing)(qing)氣價錢

液態(tai)儲氫(qing)及儲氫(qing)材料儲氫(qing)方式在(zai)儲氫(qing)密度、儲氫(qing)量、安全(quan)性方面都于壓氣態(tai)儲氫(qing)。湖北長期供應工業(ye)氫(qing)氣價錢

在(zai)氫(qing)能產業鏈(lian)中，燃料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)催化(hua)劑、質(zhi)子交(jiao)換膜等(deng)關鍵材料(liao)(liao)(liao)與零部件也還(huan)需(xu)要(yao)加(jia)強研(yan)發(fa)，以提(ti)高產品質(zhi)量和(he)降低成(cheng)本(ben)。此外，我(wo)國加(jia)氫(qing)站也還(huan)面(mian)臨著建(jian)設(she)緩慢且(qie)多(duo)數虧損的(de)(de)狀(zhuang)況(kuang)。加(jia)氫(qing)站建(jian)設(she)場地、建(jian)設(she)成(cheng)本(ben)、運營(ying)成(cheng)本(ben)、安全(quan)性(xing)等(deng)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)一直得不(bu)到有效(xiao)解(jie)決，還(huan)需(xu)要(yao)進一步探索解(jie)決。氫(qing)能與燃料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池長(chang)期的(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)面(mian)臨著高昂(ang)的(de)(de)加(jia)氫(qing)基礎(chu)設(she)施(shi)建(jian)設(she)成(cheng)本(ben)及(ji)氫(qing)能生(sheng)產、運輸、存(cun)儲等(deng)使用環節產生(sheng)的(de)(de)安全(quan)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)和(he)成(cheng)本(ben)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)。日本(ben)燃料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池汽(qi)車(che)**在(zai)采訪(fang)時就表(biao)示阻礙燃料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池汽(qi)車(che)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)并非價(jia)格及(ji)成(cheng)本(ben)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)，而是加(jia)氫(qing)基礎(chu)設(she)施(shi)的(de)(de)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)，制造一臺(tai)燃料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池汽(qi)車(che)并不(bu)困(kun)難，難的(de)(de)是如何建(jian)造和(he)布局燃料(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池加(jia)氫(qing)網絡(luo)。湖(hu)北長(chang)期供應工(gong)業氫(qing)氣價(jia)錢(qian)