分(fen)散(san)(san)(san)控(kong)(kong)制系(xi)(xi)(xi)統是(shi)以(yi)微處理器為基(ji)礎，采(cai)用控(kong)(kong)制功(gong)能分(fen)散(san)(san)(san)、顯示(shi)(shi)操作(zuo)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)、兼顧分(fen)而自治(zhi)和(he)綜合協調的(de)(de)設(she)(she)計原則的(de)(de)新一代(dai)儀表(biao)(biao)控(kong)(kong)制系(xi)(xi)(xi)統。德發性(xing)(xing)高等(deng)高等(deng)，多發性(xing)(xing)、多發性(xing)(xing)、高等(deng)它(ta)采(cai)用控(kong)(kong)制分(fen)散(san)(san)(san)、操作(zuo)和(he)管(guan)(guan)理集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)基(ji)本(ben)(ben)設(she)(she)計思想，采(cai)用多層分(fen)級、合作(zuo)自治(zhi)的(de)(de)結(jie)構形式。其主要(yao)特(te)征是(shi)它(ta)的(de)(de)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)管(guan)(guan)理和(he)分(fen)散(san)(san)(san)控(kong)(kong)制。數(shu)據集(ji)的(de)(de)點(dian)對(dui)比性(xing)(xing)，以(yi)及"已(yi)(yi)(yi)"的(de)(de)"已(yi)(yi)(yi)""已(yi)(yi)(yi)"已(yi)(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)示(shi)(shi)"已(yi)(yi)(yi)表(biao)(biao)示(shi)(shi)"已(yi)(yi)(yi)對(dui)等(deng)DCS分(fen)散(san)(san)(san)式控(kong)(kong)制系(xi)(xi)(xi)統，由分(fen)散(san)(san)(san)在系(xi)(xi)(xi)統中(zhong)(zhong)不同節點(dian)的(de)(de)處理器組(zu)成(cheng)，高可靠性(xing)(xing)是(shi)其基(ji)本(ben)(ben)特(te)性(xing)(xing)。DCS向(xiang)下位要(yao)求要(yao)求，其去向(xiang)：DCS位位要(yao)求要(yao)求。DCS從傳統的(de)(de)儀表(biao)(biao)盤監(jian)控(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統。上海施耐德DCS畫面組(zu)態

DCS系統通過某(mou)種通信(xin)網(wang)絡將(jiang)(jiang)分(fen)布(bu)在工(gong)業現(xian)場(chang)附近的(de)現(xian)場(chang)控制站和(he)控制中心(xin)的(de)操作(zuo)(zuo)員站及工(gong)程師站等(deng)連接起來，以(yi)(yi)完成(cheng)對(dui)現(xian)場(chang)生產設備的(de)分(fen)散控制和(he)集中操作(zuo)(zuo)管理。DCSs和(he)點子，高等(deng)，多(duo)方面，多(duo)方面，更要"以(yi)(yi)"為""以(yi)(yi)"為宗。又稱數據(ju)采集裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置，主要是將(jiang)(jiang)過程非控變(bian)量(liang)(liang)進(jin)行數據(ju)采集和(he)預處(chu)理，而(er)且對(dui)實時(shi)數據(ju)進(jin)一步(bu)加工(gong)處(chu)理，供操作(zuo)(zuo)站顯示和(he)打印，從而(er)實現(xian)開(kai)環監視，并將(jiang)(jiang)采集到(dao)(dao)的(de)數據(ju)傳輸(shu)到(dao)(dao)監控計算(suan)機(ji)(ji)。輸(shu)出裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置在有上位機(ji)(ji)的(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下，能以(yi)(yi)開(kai)關量(liang)(liang)或(huo)者(zhe)模(mo)擬量(liang)(liang)信(xin)號的(de)方式，向(xiang)終端元件輸(shu)出計算(suan)機(ji)(ji)控制命(ming)令。這一個級(ji)別直接面對(dui)現(xian)場(chang)，跟現(xian)場(chang)過程相(xiang)連。比如(ru)閥門、電(dian)機(ji)(ji)、各類傳感(gan)器、變(bian)送器、執(zhi)行機(ji)(ji)構等(deng)等(deng)。寧波DCSS-7-300DCS比較好應(ying)用軟件由用戶自己做(zuo)(zuo)或(huo)參與(yu)做(zuo)(zuo)，賣方作(zuo)(zuo)技術(shu)指導(dao)。

高可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)(kao)性(xing)(xing)是(shi)過程(cheng)控(kong)制系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求。冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術是(shi)計(ji)(ji)算機系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)(kao)性(xing)(xing)設(she)計(ji)(ji)中(zhong)常(chang)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種技術，是(shi)提(ti)高計(ji)(ji)算機系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)(kao)性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法之一(yi)(yi)(yi)。為(wei)了(le)(le)達(da)到(dao)高可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)(kao)性(xing)(xing)和低失效率(lv)相(xiang)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，我(wo)們通(tong)常(chang)會(hui)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)控(kong)制系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計(ji)(ji)和應用(yong)(yong)中(zhong)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術。合(he)(he)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)將(jiang)**提(ti)高系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)(kao)性(xing)(xing)，但是(shi)同時也增(zeng)加(jia)了(le)(le)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復雜度(du)和設(she)計(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)難度(du)，應用(yong)(yong)冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)配置的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)還增(zeng)加(jia)了(le)(le)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)投資1：冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術概要：冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術就是(shi)增(zeng)加(jia)多(duo)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)備，以(yi)保(bao)證系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)更加(jia)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)(kao)、安(an)全地工(gong)作(zuo)。冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分類方法多(duo)種多(duo)樣，按照在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)中(zhong)所處(chu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)置，冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)可(ke)(ke)分為(wei)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)級(ji)、部(bu)件(jian)(jian)級(ji)和系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)級(ji)；按照冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)程(cheng)度(du)可(ke)(ke)分為(wei)1:1冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、1:2冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、1:n冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)等(deng)多(duo)種。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)當前元(yuan)器(qi)件(jian)(jian)可(ke)(ke)靠(kao)(kao)(kao)性(xing)(xing)不斷(duan)提(ti)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況下，和其它形式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)方式(shi)相(xiang)比，1:1的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)級(ji)熱(re)冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種有效而(er)又相(xiang)對(dui)簡(jian)單(dan)、配置靈活的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)技術實(shi)現方式(shi)，如I/O卡(ka)件(jian)(jian)冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、電(dian)源冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)、主控(kong)制器(qi)冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)等(deng)。因此，目(mu)(mu)前國內外主流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)控(kong)制系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)中(zhong)大(da)多(duo)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)了(le)(le)這種方式(shi)。當然，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)某些(xie)局(ju)部(bu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)中(zhong)也有采(cai)用(yong)(yong)元(yuan)件(jian)(jian)級(ji)或多(duo)種冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)方式(shi)組合(he)(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成功范例(li)。控(kong)制系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)冗(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)余(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de):系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)運行不受局(ju)部(bu)故障(zhang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，而(er)且(qie)故障(zhang)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)維(wei)護(hu)對(dui)整個(ge)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功能實(shi)現沒有影響，并可(ke)(ke)以(yi)實(shi)現在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)線維(wei)護(hu)，使故障(zhang)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)得(de)到(dao)及時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)修復。

高可(ke)靠性，因它(ta)基于多臺計算機(ji)控制，且(qie)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)架(jia)構采(cai)用(yong)了硬(ying)件冗余，網(wang)絡容錯設(she)計，即使某(mou)個(ge)硬(ying)件出(chu)現故障(zhang)，系(xi)統(tong)(tong)也能(neng)在ms級(ji)恢(hui)復(fu)，不(bu)會影響系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)正常運行。開放性，因它(ta)采(cai)用(yong)開放式，標準化(hua)，模塊化(hua)，網(wang)絡化(hua)設(she)計，當需要(yao)增(zeng)加(jia)或者改變一些功能(neng)時(shi)，可(ke)以通(tong)過(guo)增(zeng)改硬(ying)件配(pei)置的(de)(de)方式實(shi)現要(yao)求。靈活性，當控制要(yao)求變更時(shi)，可(ke)以通(tong)過(guo)編程軟件實(shi)現各(ge)種邏輯控制，復(fu)雜的(de)(de)算法，圖形化(hua)顯示等功能(neng)要(yao)求。控制功能(neng)強大，它(ta)的(de)(de)控制算法豐富，具有多種PID控制功能(neng)，如串級(ji)控制，前饋控制等，支持高級(ji)語言，可(ke)以編寫更為復(fu)雜的(de)(de)算法。DCS可(ke)以實(shi)現對大規模工(gong)業(ye)過(guo)程的(de)(de)控制。

DCS與(yu)(yu)問題有(you)(you)聲有(you)(you)據(ju)？1、前期(qi)準備(bei)(bei)工(gong)作(zuo)進(jin)入系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)組(zu)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)前，應(ying)首先確(que)定測(ce)點(dian)(dian)清單(dan)、控制(zhi)運算方(fang)案、系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)硬(ying)件配(pei)置，包括系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)規模(mo)、各站IO單(dan)元的(de)(de)配(pei)置及測(ce)點(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)分(fen)配(pei)等(deng)，還要提出對流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)圖(tu)(tu)、報表(biao)、歷史數(shu)據(ju)庫(ku)、追憶庫(ku)等(deng)的(de)(de)設計要求(qiu)(qiu)。2、建立目(mu)標(biao)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)在(zai)(zai)正(zheng)式進(jin)行應(ying)用(yong)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)組(zu)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)前，必須(xu)針(zhen)對該應(ying)用(yong)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)定義一(yi)(yi)個工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)名，該目(mu)標(biao)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建立后(hou)，便建立起了該工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)數(shu)據(ju)目(mu)錄。3、系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)組(zu)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)設備(bei)(bei)應(ying)用(yong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)硬(ying)件配(pei)置通過系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)配(pei)置組(zu)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)軟件完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)。采用(yong)圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)方(fang)式，系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)網絡上連接的(de)(de)每(mei)一(yi)(yi)種設備(bei)(bei)都(dou)與(yu)(yu)一(yi)(yi)種基本(ben)圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)對應(ying)。在(zai)(zai)進(jin)行系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)設備(bei)(bei)組(zu)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)之(zhi)前必須(xu)在(zai)(zai)數(shu)據(ju)庫(ku)總控中(zhong)創(chuang)建相應(ying)的(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。4、數(shu)據(ju)庫(ku)組(zu)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)數(shu)據(ju)庫(ku)組(zu)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)定義和(he)編(bian)輯系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)各站的(de)(de)點(dian)(dian)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)，這是(shi)(shi)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)整個應(ying)用(yong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)基礎。在(zai)(zai)MACS系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中(zhong)有(you)(you)兩類點(dian)(dian)，一(yi)(yi)類是(shi)(shi)實(shi)際的(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)理測(ce)點(dian)(dian)，存在(zai)(zai)于(yu)現場控制(zhi)站和(he)通信(xin)(xin)站中(zhong)，點(dian)(dian)中(zhong)包含(han)了測(ce)點(dian)(dian)類型(xing)、物(wu)(wu)理地(di)址、信(xin)(xin)號處理和(he)顯示方(fang)式等(deng)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)；一(yi)(yi)類是(shi)(shi)虛擬量點(dian)(dian)，同實(shi)際物(wu)(wu)理測(ce)點(dian)(dian)相比，差別*在(zai)(zai)于(yu)沒有(you)(you)與(yu)(yu)物(wu)(wu)理位置相關的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)息(xi)，可(ke)在(zai)(zai)控制(zhi)算法組(zu)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)和(he)圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)組(zu)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)。5、控制(zhi)算法組(zu)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)在(zai)(zai)完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)數(shu)據(ju)庫(ku)組(zu)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)后(hou)就(jiu)(jiu)可(ke)以進(jin)行控制(zhi)算法組(zu)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)。直(zhi)流(liu)共和(he)1131-3要求(qiu)(qiu)5要求(qiu)(qiu)：、圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)、報表(biao)組(zu)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)組(zu)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)包括背景圖(tu)(tu)定義和(he)動態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)點(dian)(dian)定義，其中(zhong)動態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)點(dian)(dian)動態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)顯示其實(shi)時(shi)值或歷史變化(hua)情況。DCS具有(you)(you)較強(qiang)的(de)(de)自適(shi)應(ying)性。施耐德DCSCPU冗(rong)余

DCS廣泛應用于各種工業領域。上(shang)海施耐德(de)DCS畫面組態

控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)回路的(de)組(zu)(zu)態(tai)在(zai)(zai)本質(zhi)上就是(shi)(shi)利用(yong)系(xi)統提供(gong)的(de)各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)基本的(de)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)模(mo)塊，來(lai)構(gou)成(cheng)各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)各(ge)(ge)樣的(de)實際(ji)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統。目前(qian)各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)不同的(de)DCS提供(gong)的(de)組(zu)(zu)態(tai)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)各(ge)(ge)不相同，歸納起來(lai)有指定(ding)運算模(mo)塊連(lian)接(jie)方(fang)(fang)式、判定(ding)表(biao)方(fang)(fang)式、步驟(zou)記錄方(fang)(fang)式等等。指定(ding)運算模(mo)塊連(lian)接(jie)方(fang)(fang)式是(shi)(shi)通過調用(yong)各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)**的(de)標準運算模(mo)塊，用(yong)線(xian)條連(lian)接(jie)成(cheng)多種(zhong)(zhong)多樣的(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)回路，**終自動生成(cheng)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)軟件，這是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)信息(xi)流和(he)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)都很直觀(guan)的(de)組(zu)(zu)態(tai)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)。判定(ding)表(biao)方(fang)(fang)式是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)純粹的(de)填表(biao)形式，只要按照組(zu)(zu)態(tai)表(biao)格(ge)的(de)要求(qiu)，逐項填入內容或回答問(wen)題即可，這種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)(fang)式很利于用(yong)戶(hu)的(de)組(zu)(zu)態(tai)操作(zuo)。步驟(zou)記入方(fang)(fang)式是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)基于語(yu)言(yan)指令的(de)編(bian)寫方(fang)(fang)式，編(bian)程(cheng)自由(you)(you)度大，各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)復雜功(gong)能(neng)(neng)都可通過一(yi)(yi)些技巧實現，但組(zu)(zu)態(tai)效率較(jiao)(jiao)低。另外，由(you)(you)于這種(zhong)(zhong)組(zu)(zu)態(tai)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)不夠直觀(guan)，往(wang)往(wang)對(dui)組(zu)(zu)態(tai)工程(cheng)師(shi)在(zai)(zai)技術水平和(he)組(zu)(zu)態(tai)經(jing)驗有較(jiao)(jiao)高的(de)要求(qiu)。上海(hai)施耐德DCS畫面組(zu)(zu)態(tai)